(中南大学 冶金科学与工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 将“活性硫化镍法”所用的除铜试剂“硫化镍”视为先导化合物，按电子等排原理，通过分子修饰进行类型衍化，修饰阴离子，以一种新设计的含硫化学结构取代S2−，得到的新型除铜剂为NAS和硫化镍混合物。结果表明：当NAS纯度α≥73%(NAS在混合物中所占比例)、除铜剂用量为理论量的1.2倍、溶液pH值为4.0、反应温度为60 ℃时反应80 min后，采用新型除铜剂从镍电解阳极液中除铜，除铜后溶液中的铜浓度c(Cu2+)可降至1.57×10−5 mol/L，除铜渣中铜镍质量比不小于25，远优于工业生产的要求(c(Cu2+)≤1.57×10−5 mol/L，渣中铜镍质量比不小于15)；NAS在自然条件下放置62 d后，其除铜效果仍然能够满足生产要求，且NAS在除铜过程中没有引入有害离子进入溶液。
关键字: 镍电解阳极液；除铜；电子等排原理
（School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: New highly effective removing copper reagent, NAS, was obtained through lead generation by molecule modification based on the theory of isostere principle. Regarded as a leading compounds, NiS was used as a kind of reagent for removing copper in the technology of active nickel sulfide. NAS was designed by replacing S2− of NiS with a kind of new chemical structure through modifying anion. The results show that removing copper with NAS will achieve the best result when NAS purity α is more than 73%, the dosage of NAS is 1.2 times of theoretical value, and when pH value is 4.0 at 60 ℃. The concentration of copper can reach 1.57×10−5mol/L in the electrolyte solution and the mass ratio of copper to nickel is more than 25 in the residue after removing copper. Especially, after NAS is kept for 62 d, it can still satisfy the demand of removing copper. Moreover, the copper sulfide, with small solubility product constant, is produced after removing copper with NAS. No harmful ions enter into the nickel electrolyte solution.
Key words: nickel electrolyte solution; removing copper; isostere principle
