(东北大学 材料与冶金学院，沈阳 110004)
摘 要: 提出了自蔓延冶金法制备硼粉的新工艺，由计算可知，B2O3-Mg反应体系的绝热温度为2 604 K，大于自蔓延判据温度1 800 K，故采用自蔓延反应是可行的。分析了添加剂MgO和预热温度对反应体系绝热温度的影响，并对B2O3-Mg体系的相关反应热力学数据进行了分析。由DTA分析可知，B2O3-Mg反应体系在1 123~1 203 K时的放热峰表观活化能为903.75 kJ/mol，反应级数为1。由XRD分析确定了燃烧产物以及各个阶段的浸出产物相组成，证实了三步浸出方案的可行性。考察了自蔓延反应初始条件对硼粉纯度的影响，硼粉纯度可达92.43%，平均粒度为0.5~0.8 μm。
关键字: 自蔓延高温合成; 绝热温度; 无定形硼粉
self-propagating high temperature
synthesis metallurgy
（College of Materials & Metallurgy, Northeastern University,
Shenyang 110004, China）
Abstract:The new self-propagating high temperature synthesis(SHS) metallurgy method used to prepare boron powder was studied, and the adiabatic temperature is 2 604 K through calculating, which is higher than the SHS criterion parameter of 1 800 K. So the SHS reaction is feasible. Influences of addition MgO and warm-up temperature on adiabatic temperature and the thermodynamic data of correlative reactions were analysed. Results of DTA indicate that the apparent activation energy of exothermic peak is 903.75 kJ/mol and reaction order n is 1. Phases of combustion and leached products were confirmed by XRD, which proves that the three-step leaching technic is feasible. The effects of the initial conditions of self-propagating high temperature synthesis on boron purity were studied. The purity of boron powders reach 92.43% and the average diameter of boron powders is 0.5-0.8 μm.
Key words: self-propagating high temperature synthesis; adiabatic temperature; amorphous boron
