( 1. 合肥工业大学 摩擦学研究所, 合肥 230009;
2. 合肥工业大学 材料科学与工程学院,合肥 230009)
摘 要: 采用常规的粉末冶金方法制备了铜基石墨固体自润滑复合材料, 通过基体合金化和改变石墨粒度探讨了复合材料的力学性能和在不同温度条件下的摩擦磨损性能及机理。 实验结果表明: 温度对铜基石墨固体自润滑复合材料的自润滑性能有较大的影响, 在较高温度条件下, 铜基石墨固体自润滑复合材料的耐磨性主要取决于铜合金基体的强度; 选用合适的石墨粒度和多元基体合金化, 可使铜基石墨固体自润滑复合材料在0~500 ℃温度条件下保持较好的自润滑特性。
关键字: 铜合金; 石墨; 自润滑; 温度; 摩擦; 磨损
Cu-matrix/graphite self-lubricating composite materials
( 1. Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China)
Abstract: The Cu-matrix/graphite self-lubricating composite materials were made by conventional powder metallurgy method. The mechanical properties and friction and wear of the composite materials with different alloyed matrixes and different graphite sizes were investigated. The mechanisms of friction and wear were also analyzed. The results show that the temperature greatly affects the self-lubricating properties of the Cu-matrix/graphite composite materials. The wear resistance of the composites depends mainly on the strength of the matrix under higher temperatures. Therefore, the better self-lubricating properties of the composites can be maintained in the temperature range of 0-500 ℃ by choosing appropriate graphite size and alloyed matrix.
Key words: copper alloy; graphite; self-lubricating; temperature; friction; wear