成形组织和性能的影响
( 东北大学 材料与冶金学院， 沈阳 110004)
摘 要: 研究了挤压比对6201合金线材的微观组织、 力学性能和导电性能的影响。 结果表明：随着挤压比的增大， T6态合金的强化相β′(Mg2Si)弥散质点的尺寸减小，弥散程度增加， 合金线材的抗拉强度， 延伸率和电阻率增大， 其增大的趋势随着挤压比的进一步增加而逐渐减小; 当挤压比一定时， 随着在线固溶温度与时效温度的升高， 线材的力学性能下降，导电性能升高。 当挤压比为16.5~29.7，线固溶温度为520~540 ℃， 时效温度为150~160 ℃时， 合金力学性能和导电性能分别为： σb＝310~328 MPa， δ＝8.5%~10.3 %， ρ＝0.032 2~0.032 8 nΩ·m， 较好地满足Al-Mg-Si导线标准要求。 采用合理的挤压比， 可直接生产性能良好的铝合金导电线材。
关键字: 6201铝合金; 挤压比; 连续挤压; 半固态; 电阻率
（ School of Materials and Metallurgy， Northeastern University， Shenyang 110004， China）
Abstract:Effect of extrusion ratio on microstructures， mechanical properties and electric resistivity of 6201 alloy wire were investigated. It is shown that when the extrusion ratio increases, under T6 heat treatment state， precipitation-hardening phases β′(Mg2Si) precipitate heavily and become smaller， meanwhile， the tensile strength， elongation and electric resistivity increase. However， this increase tendency becomes moderate with further increase of extrusion ratio. For a given extrusion ratio， mechanical properties of alloy wire decrease and conductivity increases with increase of on-line solution temperature and ageing temperature. Under the conditions that the extrusion ratio is 16.5-29.7， on-line solution temperature is 520-540 ℃ and ageing temperature is 150-160 ℃， the mechanical properties and electric resistivity are σb=310-328 MPa， δ=8.5%-10.3% and ρ=0.032 2-0.032 8 nΩ·m respectively. It is satisfied for the application of Al-Mg-Si conductor wire. So fine aluminum conductor wire can be produced by the proposed process and under proper extrusion ratio.
Key words: 6201 aluminum alloy; extrusion ratio; continuous extrusion; semi-solid; resistivity
