(北京科技大学 材料科学与工程学院， 北京 100083)
摘 要: 采用熔融纺丝法制备了玻璃包覆纯铜微丝， 对微丝进行了组织观察以及尺寸和缺陷表征， 提出了不同冷却条件下的纯铜芯丝凝固过程模型， 讨论了制备过程中存在的问题并提出了相应的解决方案。 结果表明： 在空气中自然冷却凝固的纯铜芯丝内部组织为细等轴晶， 加冷却水快速冷却凝固制备的纯铜芯丝内部的晶粒沿着微丝长度方向呈竹节状整齐排列； 当微丝外径为45 μm、 芯丝直径为25 μm时， 外径尺寸波动在6%以内， 芯丝直径误差小于4%； 当原料质量存在问题或制备过程中拉丝速度、 冷却速度等工艺参数匹配不合理时， 易导致芯丝表面存在凹坑和凹槽等缺陷。
关键字: 玻璃包覆纯铜微丝； 材料制备； 熔融纺丝法； 表征
glass-coated pure copper microwire
（School of Materials Science and Engineering,
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract: Glass-coated pure copper microwire is prepared by the melting spinning method. The microstructure of the microwire is observed while the model of solidification process of pure copper core under different cooling conditions is presented, and the size and the defects are characterized. The results show that: the microstructure of the microwires cooled by air is observed to be equiaxed grain, and the grains of pure copper core cooled by water array along the axis of the microwire orderly like the bamboo; the mean out-diameter of prepared microwire is about 45 μm, and the dimension undulation being less than 6%; the diameter of pure copper core of prepared microwire is about 25 μm, and the error less than 4% and some notches and grooves may be resulted from the quality problem of raw materials or the unmatched technologic parameters such as drawing speed, cooling speed and so on.
Key words: glass-coated pure copper microwire; material preparation; melting spinning method; characterization
