(1. 北京大学 环境工程研究所, 北京 100871;
2. 中国科学院 过程工程研究所, 北京 100080)
摘 要: 考察了金属离子Cu2+、 Fe3+和Fe2+等对铁闪锌矿浮选精矿生物浸出的影响，并与无菌条件下对铁闪锌矿浸出的影响进行比较。 结果表明： Cu2+、 Fe3+和Fe2+等金属离子在一定浓度范围内都可以促进铁闪锌矿的生物浸出；在无菌条件下， 除Fe2+外， Cu2+和Fe3+离子仍对铁闪锌矿溶解有一定的促进作用。 电化学测试和X射线衍射分析表明：添加Cu2+和Fe3+等离子将影响铁闪锌矿电极发生的电化学反应和浸渣组成；添加Cu2+离子可取代矿物基质晶格中的Zn而生成CuS沉淀， 并与锌矿产生原电池效应而促进浸出过程； Fe3+和Fe2+两种离子强化铁闪锌矿生物浸出的机理本质上一致， 均可以提高浸出液中氧化剂浓度和促进细菌生长与生物活性。
关键字: 铁闪锌矿； 金属离子； 生物浸出； 强化作用
marmatite flotation concentrate by metallic ions
（1. Institute of Environmental Engineering, Peking University,Beijing 100871, China;
2. Institute of Processing Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100080, China）
Abstract: The effects of Cu2+, Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions on the bioleaching of marmatite flotation concentrate were studied and compared with those of the marmatite leaching under the sterile controls. The results show that these metallic ions can accelerate the marmatite dissolution when suitable concentration of metallic ions is added. In the absence of bacterial strains, Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions still improve the dissolution of marmatite to a certain extent except Fe2+ ion. Electrochemical measurements and X-ray diffraction analyses show that the electrochemical reactions occurring on the interface of a marmatite-carbon paste/leach liquor and the compositions of leached residues can be influenced by the addition of Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions. The formed CuS on the surface of mineral substrate by replacing Zn2+ in crystal lattice of mineral substrate with Cu2+ can accelerate the leaching process of marmatite by galvanic effect. The strengthening mechanism of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions on the marmatite bioleaching are consistent in nature with each other, both of them can increase the concentration of oxidant and improve the growth and activity of bacterial strains in leaching liquor.
Key words: marmatite; metallic ions; bioleaching; strengthening action
