(中南大学 冶金科学与工程学院， 长沙 410083)
摘 要: 为了彻底解决我国火法炼锑厂普遍存在的低浓度二氧化硫烟气污染问题， 提出了一种新的火法炼锑工艺——硫化锑矿还原造锍熔炼，并采用单因素实验法考察了熔炼温度、 时间以及造锍剂和添加剂的加入量等因素对金属锑直收率的影响。 确定的最佳工艺条件： 先在1 100 ℃下熔炼2 h， 再迅速升温至1 200 ℃下保温50 min； 烧渣加入量为其理论量的1.2倍； 添加剂总钠量为精矿量的10%， 其中碳酸钠和芒硝加入量分别为精矿量的5%和24.2%。 在最优条件下， 锑的直收率和总收率分别为82.07%和97.79%， 固硫率大于99%。
关键字: 硫化锑精矿； 还原造锍熔炼； 固硫； 清洁冶金
of stibnite concentrate
（School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: In order to eliminate the serious environment pollution of the low concentration sulfur dioxide smoke produced commonly in our antimony smelters, the reducing-matting-smelting process, which is a new smelting process, was proposed. The effect of technical conditions such as smelting temperature, smelting time, the amount of pyrite cinder and additive on the direct recovery ratio of antimony were investigated by the method of single-factor experiment. The results show that the optimum conditions are that the reducing-matting smelting is carried out at 1 100 ℃ for 2 h, then the smelting temperature raise to 1 200 ℃ for 50 min. The amount of pyrite cinder is 1.2 times of its theoretical amount, the addition amount of soda and sodium sulfate is 5% and 24.2% to the amount of stibnite concentrate respectively, when the total amount of sodium is 10%. Under the optimum conditions, the direct and total recovery ratio of antimony is 87.02% and 97.79%, respectively, and the fixed ratio of sulfur is larger than 99%.
Key words: stibnite concentrate; reducing-matting smelting; sulfur fixation; clean metallurgy
