(江苏大学 材料科学与工程学院，镇江 212013)
摘 要: 利用形状记忆合金的本构关系， 分析了在自由应力状态下的残余应变与温度的关系。 使用动态数据采集分析仪， 测试了安装CuZnAl形状记忆合金耗能器的框架结构的减振性能； 应用电子万能拉伸试验机测试了CuZnAl形状记忆合金的应力—应变滞回曲线， 借助透射电子显微镜， 分析了CuZnAl形状记忆合金在热机械循环过程中显微组织的变化； 比较了不同热处理工艺对CuZnAl形状记忆合金热机械循环后的滞回曲线面积及减振性能的影响。 结果表明： CuZnAl形状记忆合金用于框架结构具有较好的减振效果， 可明显降低框架结构的振动频率， 其中马氏体CuZnAl形状记忆合金耗能器具有较大的耗能能力， 经室温水淬时效7 h处理后减振效果最好。
关键字: CuZnAl形状记忆合金; 本构关系; 框架减振; 滞回曲线; 热机械循环
（ School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China）
Abstract: The relationship between the residual strain and the temperature under free stress condition is analyzed by using constitutive relation of SMA. The damping performance of the frame with CuZnAl SMA dampers is tested by dynamic data collecting analysis meter. Then the stress—strain curve of CuZnAl SMA is measured by electronic universal testing machine. The change of microstructure during thermo-mechanical cycle is analyzed by transmission electron microscope. The effects of different heat-treatment processes on the area of hysteretic loop and the damping capability of CuZnAl SMA after thermo-mechanical cycles are studied. Experimental results show that CuZnAl SMA has good damping capability in frame structure and can obviously reduce the vibration frequency. CuZnAl SMA in martensitic state has better damping ability, and the damping effect of the alloy after being quenched into water and aged for 7h is the best.
Key words: CuZnAl shape memory alloy; constitutive relation; structure damping; hysteretic loop; thermo-mechanical cycle
