(中南大学 能源科学与工程学院， 长沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用硫酸铜作电解质、 石墨作阳极的电解实验模拟研究工业铝电解槽的阳极气体运动规律， 以及气泡运动对电解质运动影响的规律。当阳极倾斜度小于6°时， 倾角的变化对速度影响较大， 阳极倾斜角的增加会加速气泡运动速度但减小气泡尺寸； 阳极倾斜度达到6°以上时， 几乎不存在气泡合并现象， 且倾角变化对气泡速度的影响变小； 气泡运动对电解质的推动作用主要体现在阳极底部气泡所在的薄层内，同时在电解质的底部存在回流现象， 但流速甚小， 约为5 mm/s。
关键字: 铝电解； 阳极气泡； 电解质流动； 冷态模拟
anode bubble's behavior in aluminum electrolysis cells
（Shool of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University,
Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: A electrolysis experiment using the bluestone solution as electrolyte and graphite as anode was carried out to simulate and research the anode gas's law of movement and its influence to the electrolyte flow. When the gradient of anode is below 6°, the change of it has significant influence to the bubble's velocity. The increase of the gradient will speed the bubble's velocity but decrease the bubble's size. When the gradient of anode is above 6°, the phenomenon of bubbles' combination hardly exists, and the change of the anode's gradient has little influence on the bubble's velocity. The bubbles' impetus function to the electrolyte flow mainly lies in the thin layer of anode bottom where the bubbles are. There are back-flow phenomena in the bottom layer of electrolyte, but the velocity of electrolyte is very small, and the velocity is about 5 mm/s.
Key words: aluminum reduction cell; anode gas; electrolyte flow; normal temperature analogue experiment
