(1. 浙江工业大学 化学工程与材料学院, 杭州 310014;
2. 中南大学 冶金科学与工程学院， 长沙 410083)
摘 要: 研究五氯化锑及其盐酸溶液的水解过程。 结果表明： 锑的水解率随加水量的增加而升高； 陈化时间增加， 其水解率提高。 X射线衍射和扫描电镜能谱分析表明： 五氯化锑及其盐酸溶液的初始水解产物不是SbO2Cl， 而是一种非晶态锑氧化合物； 随着水解母液酸度的降低， 五氯化锑溶液水解产物陈化五天后的晶型由非晶态向晶态变化； 五氯化锑溶液水解产物经无水乙醇洗涤后水解产物仍为非晶态， 而经蒸馏水洗涤虽主要为非晶态， 但有少部分结晶的Sb2O5·4H2O晶体存在。
关键字: 五氯化锑; 五氧化二锑; 水解; 晶型
（1. College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,
Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
2. School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: The hydrolysis process of antimony pentachloride and its hydrochloric acid solution was studied. The results indicate that the hydrolysis rate of antimony increases with increasing the addition of water and the aging time. The analysis of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope energy dispersion spectra show that the primary hydrolysis products of antimony pentachloride and its hydrochloric acid solution are amorphous antimony oxide rather than SbO2Cl. With decreasing acid concentration in the mother liquid， the hydrolysis products of antimony pentachloride transforms from amorphous to crystalline after aging of 5 d. The hydrolysis product washed by ethanol is amorphous, while the product washed by distilled water is amorphous containing a little Sb2O5·4H2O crystalline.
Key words: antimony pentachloride; antimony pentoxide; hydrolysis; crystalline
