(1. 北京科技大学 北京表面纳米技术工程研究中心, 北京 100083;
2. 北京科技大学 材料科学与工程学院, 北京 100083)
摘 要: 在水、 乙二醇和1， 2-丙二醇3种溶液中， 以NiSO4·6H2O为主盐、 水合肼为还原剂制备纳米镍粉, 然后将镍粉压制成片状电极。 采用X射线衍射分析镍粉的成分， SEM和TEM表征其微观形貌， XPS研究片状镍电极表面的化学状态， 并在碱性溶液中进行循环伏安测试。 结果表明： 纳米镍粉的制备条件对其电化学性能存在明显的影响， 在乙二醇溶液中制得的镍粉呈分散状态， 且颗粒尺寸分布均匀， 直径为30~100 nm， 较在其它两种溶液中制备的镍粉电极具有更高的氧化还原电流密度， 即具有更高的电化学活性。
关键字: 纳米镍粉; 镍电极; 循环伏安; 可逆性； 乙二醇
（1. Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nano Surface Technology,
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering,
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract: By selecting NiSO4·6H2O and hydrazine hydrate as main component and reducing agent, respectively, the nickel powders were obtained from distilled water, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol solutions, respectively. Then, by pressing powders, nickel electrode was prepared. The composition and micromorphologies of the nickel powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, SEM and TEM. The different chemical states on the surface of nickel powder electrode were detected by XPS. By the cyclic voltammetry methods, the electrochemical properties of nickel electrode were investigated. The results show that the preparation conditions affect significantly the electrochemical properties of nickel powder electrode. When obtained in the ethylene glycol solutions, the nickel powders are effectively dispersed, and the distributions of powders size (30-100 nm) are uniform. Compared with other electrodes obtained in the distilled water or propylene glycol solutions, the nickel power electrode obtained in the ethylene glycol solutions has higher redox current density and electrochemical catalytic activity.
Key words: nano-nickel powder; nickel electrode; cyclic voltammetry; reversibility; ethylene glycol
