(中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院， 长沙 410083)
摘 要: 嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans)是目前研究得最多的浸矿细菌， 其能量代谢途径复杂多样。 在有氧条件下， A. ferrooxidans以氧化Fe2+、 H2或(和)各种还原性硫化物提供能量来生长， 在亚铁氧化系统中， A. ferrooxidans的各种菌株氧化亚铁后产生的电子经大致相同的传递途径传递给最终电子受体O2， 但是最初电子受体可能有所不同。 讨论了A. ferrooxidans亚铁氧化系统中电子顺电势梯度传递的各个电子传递载体的组成， 基因结构和特征以及可能的相互作用机制； 同时， 介绍了A. ferrooxidans生长过程中， 少量电子经细胞色素bc1复合体逆电势梯度传递、 参与还原力NAD(P)H的生成和CO2固定过程中可能存在的电子传递模式， 以及A. ferrooxidans在不同生长基质中生长时rus操纵子的转录调控模式。
关键字: 亚铁氧化系统； 嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌； 电子传递； rus操纵子
（School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, one kind of the best studied bioleaching microorganisms， has a complex diversity of energy metabolic pathways. Under aerobic conditions, A. ferrooxidans grows with energy from oxidation of Fe2+, H2 or/and various reductive sulfides, and the electrons released by oxidation of Fe2+ are transferred through a similar electron transport chain to the final electron acceptor O2, though the first electron acceptor may be different from one strain to another stain of A. ferrooxidans. The gene structures and gene feature of electron carriers, and the possible mechanism of the interactions between the electron carriers in the downhill flow of electron transfer during ferrous oxidation were investigated, and the possible electron transfer model for a few of electrons transported through bc1 complex by way of uphill flow of electron transfer for production of the reductive product NAD(P)H for CO2 fixation during the growth of A. ferrooxidans, as well as the transcript regulation mechanism of rus operon of A. ferrooxidans growing in different media were introduced.
Key words: Fe2+ oxidation system; Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans; electron transfer; rus operon
