(1. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院, 长沙 410083;
2. 中南大学 生物冶金教育部重点实验室, 长沙 410083)
摘 要: 从广西铜坑矿区多金属复杂硫化矿矿坑水中分离得到了一株嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌(暂命名为TK), 该菌株为革兰氏阴性细菌, 短杆状, 菌体大小为（0.4±0.1） μm×（1.4±0.2） μm, 最适生长温度为25~30 ℃, 最适pH值为2.0, 化能自养型, 能利用亚铁、 单质硫和葡萄糖生长, 不能利用硫代硫酸钠、 蛋白胨生长。测定其亚铁和元素硫的氧化能力, 并考察它对铁闪锌矿的浸出效果。 以16SrDNA序列同源性为基础构建了包括15株已报道菌种和其他菌属菌株作为外来群在内的系统发育树。 结果表明： TK菌株处于单独的一个分支内, 与嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌株D2最为相似, 相似性为98.67%, 推测TK菌株为嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌的一个新菌系。该菌系的分离为嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌多样性和生态分布研究提供了一种新材料。
关键字: 嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌； 生物浸出； 系统发育树； 16SrDNA
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain from complex sulfide mines
（1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: An Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain TK was isolated from the Tong Ken area, Guangxi province in China. The cell of TK strain is Gram negative and rod-shaped in (0.4±0.1） μm×(1.4±0.2） μm. The optimum growth temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the optimum growth pH is 2.0. The TK strain can grow autographically by using Fe2+, sulfur, glucose as sole energy sources, however, can not grow with NaS2O3 and peptone. The oxidation of Fe2+, sulfur and bioleaching marmatite with this strain was studied. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by comparing with the published 16SrDNA sequences of the relative bacteria species. In the phylogenetic tree, the TK strain is in a new branch which has the closest relative to the Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain D2 with 98.67% sequence similarity. These results reveal that the TK strain may be a new strain of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. It offers a new material in order to study the polymorphism and bionomics of bioleahing microbes.
Key words: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(A.f); bioleaching; phylogenetic tree; 16SrDNA
