( 1. 东北大学 材料与冶金学院, 沈阳 110004;
2. 沈阳远大环境工程公司, 沈阳 110161)
摘 要: 采用高温固相还原法， 选用廉价工业废渣——鼓风炉渣M作还原剂， 利用M渣中残余的C将铬渣中主要以Na2CrO4形式存在的Cr(Ⅵ)还原成Cr(Ⅲ)， 实现对铬渣的解毒处理。 研究了温度、 反应时间、 铬渣质量分数的影响， 确立了实验优化条件， 并对终渣的安全性进行了分析。 结果表明： 质量分数为23％的铬渣在1 350 ℃反应2 h， 终渣中Cr(Ⅵ)浸出值仅为0.063 mg/L， 远低于国标GB5085.3—1996规定限值1.5 mg/L， 该方法简单、 以废治废、 解毒彻底， 并利用终渣制备了高掺量废渣空心砌块， 强度等级达到《GB 8239—1997普通混凝土小型空心砌块》MU7.5要求， 可作建筑物承重墙使用， 满足我国废渣治理大力提倡的无害化、 资源化要求， 成为铬渣处理处置的一种新途径。
关键字: 铬渣; 鼓风炉渣; 固相还原; 解毒
（ 1. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University,
Shenyang 110004, China;
2. Shenyang Yuanda Environmental Engineering Company,
Shenyang 110161, China）
Abstract: A new solid reduction way to treat and dispose chromium slag with lower cost was proposed. Blast furnace slag, a very cheap industrial waste, was selected as reductant, in which the remained C reduces Na2CrO4 in order to detoxify chromium slag in solid reduction. The effects of temperatures, time and proportions of chromium slag on reaction were tested, and consequently the optimum experimental conditions were determined. The safety of final slag was also investigated. The results show that the leached Cr(Ⅵ) concentration is 0.063 mg/L under reduction reaction time of 2 h at 1 350 ℃ for 23％chromium slag, far below the GB5085.3—1996 limits, 1.5 mg/L. With a simple method, completive detoxification by another industrial waste can be performed. The treated detoxified final slag was prepared into slag-bearing hollow block, and can be used as building materials of main wall, contributing to its satisfaction of MU7.5 of GB 8239—1997, which also meets the need of innoxiousness and utility for hazardous waste of industry, and becomes an efficient approach to chromium slag treatment and disposal technologies.
Key words: chromium slag; blast furnace slag; solid state reduction; detoxification
