( 1. 哈尔滨理工大学 材料科学与工程学院，哈尔滨 150040；
2. 牡丹江富通汽车空调有限公司， 牡丹江 157003)
摘 要: 选用4A11铝合金， 利用挤压铸造技术生产汽车空调器摇盘。 当浇注温度为740 ℃， 模具预热温度280 ℃， 施加的压力1 900 kN， 即比压为139.45 MPa时， 摇盘的力学性能最好。 在最佳工艺参数条件下， 摇盘的强度σb为310~330 MPa； 维氏硬度HV0.1为100~110； 延伸率能达到9%， 摇盘的微观组织良好， Si颗粒分布均匀， 无严重粗化现象， 摇盘表面及内部无冷隔、 气孔、 缩孔、 裂纹等缺陷。 通过对拉伸断口分析， 进口制件和最佳工艺下形成的制件都具有韧窝断口特征， 进口制件断口韧窝较多， 其相对塑性较高， 最佳工艺条件下制件的韧窝较大。
关键字: 空调器摇盘； 挤压铸造； 显微组织； 力学性能
（ 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China;
2. Mudanjiang Foton Automobile Air Conditioner Co. Ltd,
Mudanjiang 157003, China）
Abstract: The air-conditioner swaying tray of automobile made of 4A11 aluminum alloy was manufactured by squeezing casting technology. When the pouring temperature is 740 ℃, the preheating temperature of the die set is 280 ℃ and the applying pressure is 1 900 kN (139.45 MPa), the mechanical property of swaying tray is the finest. Under the condition of the optimal technological parameters, the tensile strength, Vickers hardness (HV0.1) and elongation of swaying tray reach 310-330 MPa, HV100-110, 9%, respectively. The microstructures of swaying tray are fine, Si grains are uniformly distributed and no phenomena of coarsening are observed, and the surface and inside of swaying tray have no cold shut, gas cavity, shrinkage cavity and crack, etc. By means of analyzing tensile fractures, the importing pieces and the pieces with the optimal technological parameters both have the fracture characteristics of the dimple. The number of dimples of the importing pieces are greater, so the plasticity is higher. The dimples of the pieces with the optimal technological parameters are bigger.
Key words: air-conditioner swaying tray; squeezing casting; microstructure; mechanical property
