制备纳米铜的影响
(1. 江苏大学 化学化工学院， 镇江 212013;
2. 江苏大学 材料科学与工程学院， 镇江 212013)
摘 要: 在一定温度下的水溶液中， 以硫酸铜为前驱体， 抗坏血酸（Vc）为还原剂，加入适量修饰剂， 进行了粒径、 形貌可控的纯铜纳米粒子的合成。 通过X射线衍射分析（XRD）、 透射电子显微镜观察（TEM）、 选区电子衍射分析（SAED）和傅立叶红外光谱分析（FTIR）等手段对纳米铜进行了表征。 制备过程中添加的修饰剂对铜粉颗粒的粒径大小、粒径分布、 形貌和晶型结构的影响很大。 分别探讨了单一修饰剂（吐温系列（Tween-20、 Tween-40和Tween-80）和十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS））和复配修饰剂（SDS+Tween-20、 SDS+Tween-40和SDS+Tween-80）的影响作用， 并初步解释了修饰剂的作用机理，将其归纳为静电效应和位阻效应。
关键字: 十二烷基硫酸钠； 纳米铜； 吐温； 水热合成法
（ 1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
2. School of Material Science and Engineering,
Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China）
Abstract: Size-and shape-controlled phase pure Cu nanoparticles were hydrothermally synthesized from copper sulfate pentahydrate with ascorbic acid as reductant and surfactants as modifiers at a low temperature in aqueous solution. The as-prepared Cu nanoparticles were characterized by means of transmission electron micrography (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The presence of modifiers is crucial in the control of particle sizes, size distributions, and shapes. The modifying effects of single modifiers and their composites were investigated. The effects of the static electricity and steric barrier of the modifiers play an important role in the synthesis of Cu nanoparticles.
Key words: sodium dodecyl sulfate; nanocrystals copper; Tweens； hydrothermal synthesis
