(中南大学 粉末冶金国家重点实验室， 长沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用真空烧结和氮气气氛保护烧结制备了Cu-ZnO(10)复合材料，测定了其密度、 硬度、 抗弯强度及电阻率， 采用SEM和金相显微技术分析了材料的显微组织， 并将所制得的Cu-ZnO(10)复合材料的性能与银氧化物触头材料进行对比。 结果表明： 由于在氮气气氛下于960 ℃烧结时， 烧结进程不彻底， ZnO挥发带较窄及ZnO相在基体Cu内形成了网络分布，使其所制备试样的抗弯强度低于真空气氛烧结试样的； 在所制备的Cu-ZnO(10)材料中， Cu和ZnO两相间存在明显的界面， 产生相互扩散， 且两相结合良好； 在真空气氛下960 ℃烧结（保温时间1 h）的Cu-ZnO(10)复合材料的综合性能最好，是制备Cu-ZnO(10)复合材料的较好工艺， 所制得的Cu-ZnO(10)的相对密度大于98%， 电阻率小于2.70 μΩ·cm， 硬度大于670 MPa， 与银氧化物触头材料的物理性能相当。
关键字: Cu-ZnO(10)复合材料； 微观结构； 烧结气氛
Cu-ZnO(10) composite material
（ State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: The Cu-ZnO(10) composite materials were successfully fabricated by vacuum sintering and N2-protecting sintering. The density, hardness, bending strength and resistivity of the Cu-ZnO(10) materials were tested. The component and microstructure were analyzed by SEM and metallographic analysis technology. Furthermore, the properties of Cu-ZnO(10) and silver-oxide contact materials were compared. The results show that the bending strength of samples sintered in N2 atmosphere is lower than that of samples sintered in vacuum atmosphere because sintering process of samples are not complete at 960 ℃ in N2 atmosphere, the volatile area of ZnO in samples sintered in N2 atmosphere is narrower than that of samples sintered in vacuum atmosphere, ZnO distributes meshyly in Cu matrix. There exists obvious interface between the two phases of Cu and ZnO in the Cu-ZnO(10) material, and the two phases diffuse each other. Moreover, sintering in vacuum atmosphere and heat preserving for 1 h are the preferable technics to prepare Cu-ZnO(10) material. Cu-ZnO(10) material has the best integrative properties such as the two phases of Cu and ZnO combining firmly, the relative density over 98%, the resistivity below 2.70 μΩ·cm and the rigidity over 670 MPa. Altogether, the physical properties of Cu-ZnO(10) material are close to that of silver-oxide material.
Key words: Cu-ZnO(10) composite material; microstructure; sintering atmosphere
