的应用和分析
( 1. 西安理工大学 机械与精密仪器工程学院，西安 710049；
2. 河南科技大学 材料科学与工程学院， 洛阳 471039;
3. 洛阳铜加工集团公司 质量检测中心, 洛阳 471000)
摘 要: 提出一种转动结构检测精密铜合金板带残余应力的方法， 应用有限元法作了结构分析和优化， 并利用梁弯曲产生的已知残余应力分布对转动结构的测试结果进行了验证， 两者吻合较好。 结果表明， 转动结构的灵敏度为0.48 μm/10-6， EDM批量加工后， 灵敏度的误差小于4.2%。 应用该方法对C194铜合金板带(600 mm×230 μm)的轧向残余应力进行测试， 结果表明： 在距板带中心200 mm范围内呈现小幅波动((27.4±3.3) MPa)， 在边缘处变为压应力， 检测结果与实际板形分析结果相吻合。 与常规残余应力检测方法相比, 采用转动结构更加精确和便捷， 并提高了检测效率。
关键字: 残余应力； 转动结构； 铜合金板带
（1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology,
Xi'an 710049, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471039, China;
3. Quality Testing Center, Luoyang Copper (Group) Co. Ltd.,
Luoyang 471000, China）
Abstract: A rotating structure for residual stress measurement in thin cold-rolled strip of copper alloy was introduced. The measurement sensitivity of the rotating structures was analyzed and optimized by finite element method (FEM). A experimental validation of the rotating structure was carried out on a plastically bent beam with known residual stress distribution, and as a consequence, the results are well consistent with results from FEM. The average sensitivity of the structures manufactured by EDM is 0.48 μm/10-6 and its deflection is less than 4.2%. The measurement results on C194 strip (600 mm×230 μm) indicate that there exist tensile residual stresses((27.4±3.3) MPa) in the area of 200 mm away from strip-center and compressive in strip edges. The rotating structure has the unique advantage of high resolution and easy-performance compared with common techniques.
Key words: residual stress; rotating structure; copper-alloy strip
