(中南大学 冶金科学与工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 以株冶集团污酸处理过程中形成的硫化中和渣为原料，在分析其浸出特性的基础上，对其进行硫固定稳定化，探索硫固定的工艺条件。研究表明：硫化中和渣中重金属镉和锌的浸出率较高，其中镉的浸出毒性严重超标；利用单质硫能有效地固定渣中的重金属，随着加量硫的增大，固化体浸出液中的镉和锌浓度降低，固定效果增强；当加硫率为55%时，镉浓度低于浸出毒性鉴别标准；硫固定过程能在较短的加热搅拌时间内达到很好的效果，其最优反应温度为140 ℃，固化体冷却方式对重金属固定效果及固化体的表面形貌影响不大，粗细废渣颗粒的混合有利于镉的固定。
关键字: 硫固定；废渣；重金属；浸出毒性
（School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Based on the analysis of leaching characteristics, the sulfuration-neutralization sludge produced during the treatment process of waste acid in Zhuzhou Smelter Group Company was sulfur immobilized. The optimal conditions for immobilization process were studied. The results show that the high leaching rate of Cd and Zn in sulfuration-neutralization sludge is obtained and the leaching toxicity of Cd is much higher than the identification standard. The heavy metals Cd and Zn can be sulfur immobilized effectively. With the amount of sulfur addition increasing, the concentration of Cd and Zn in the leachate decreases, thus the effect of sulfur immobilization on sulfuration-neutralization sludge is improved. The Cd concentration of the solidified sludge with 55% sulfur addition is lower than the identification standard. The process of sulfur immobilization can be achieved in a very short heating and agitating time at the optimal temperature of 140 ℃. The cooling manner of the solidified body has minor influence on the immobilization of heavy metals and the surface morphology of the solidified body. Moreover, the blend of big and small particles of residue is propitious to the immobilization of Cd.
Key words: sulfur immobilization; waste residue; heavy metal; leaching toxicity
ISSN 1004-0609
CN 43-1238/TG
CODEN: ZYJXFK
ISSN 1003-6326
CN 43-1239/TG
CODEN: TNMCEW