(1. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083；2. 中南大学 生物冶金教育部重点实验室，长沙410083)
摘 要: 从湖北大冶铜矿的铜山口硫化矿矿坑水中分离得到了一株嗜酸兼性异养细菌，暂命名为DY。该菌株为革兰氏阴性细菌，短杆状，菌体大小为(0.4±0.1)μm×(1.2±0.2)μm，最适生长温度为30 ℃，最适初始生长pH值为3.5，能利用葡萄糖、乳糖、蔗糖和单质硫生长，不能利用FeSO4进行生长。其系统发育树结果表明，菌株DY与Acidiphilium cryptum(Y18446)位于系统发育树的同一分支中，相似度为99.69%。黄铜矿(CuFeS2)摇瓶细菌浸出实验显示，DY菌株单独浸出黄铜矿的能力较弱，但和嗜酸自养的氧化亚铁硫杆菌ATCC 23270混合浸矿时，与氧化亚铁硫杆菌单独浸矿相比，30 d后黄铜矿的浸出率提高了35.98%。
关键字: 酸性矿坑废水；Acidiphilium；黄铜矿；生物浸出
（1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Changsha 410083, China;2. Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:An Acidiphilium strain DY was isolated from acid mine drainage of Daye mine, Hubei Province, China. The cell of DY strain is Gram negative and rod-shaped in (0.4±0.1)μm×(1.2±0.2)μm. The optimum growth temperature is 30 ℃, and the optimum growth pH is 3.5. It can grow facultative heterotrophically by using glucose, lactose, sucrose and elemental sulfur as sole energy sources, but can not grow with FeSO4. A phylogenetic tree was constructed with the published 16SrRNA gene sequences of the relative bacteria species. In the phylogenetic tree, the DY strain has the closest relative to the Acidiphilium cryptum (Y18446) with 99.69% sequence similarity. The bioleaching experiment of chalcopyrite revealed that the DY strain has little efficiency of leaching chalcopyrite, but when it is coupled with acidophilic autotrophilic bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270, it can increase the chalcopyrite leaching efficiency by 35.98% after 30 d, compared with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 leaching efficiency.
Key words: acid mine drainage; Acidiphilium; chalcopyrite; bioleaching
