(东北大学 理学院，沈阳 110004)
摘 要: 把材料的超导态作为不依赖于载流子类型和传导方式而存在的本征态，利用正常态的量子固体理论导出超导临界温度Tc的计算公式，对13种计算所需参数齐全的超导元素Tc值的计算结果，除Nb和Sn的误差偏大之外，其余11种元素的计算Tc值和实验值吻合。全部计算Tc值随原子序数的起伏规律和测量Tc值的相同。超导电性判据适用于元素周期表中除了La系、Ac系和Rf、Ha和Unh之外的所有导电元素。计算只需要使用材料的常温下参数，可以判定新材料是否超导并预测其Tc值，提出一个超导电性物理本质的新观点。
关键字: 超导材料；临界温度；本征超导态；超导理论
（College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China）
Abstract:The superconductive state of materials was taken for an intrinsic state of materials, which is independent of the charge carrier or its type. A formula of the critical temperature Tc of superconductive materials was established using ordinary quantum solid-state theory. For these 13 superconductive elements with full parameters for calculation, the calculated critical temperatures are consistent with experimental value except for Nb and Sn. A criterion for distinguishing superconductive element is obtained. The criterion is valid for all the elements except for the La, Ac system and non-conducting elements in the Periodic Table. A new viewpoint is advanced on the natural instinct of superconductivity.
Key words: superconductivity materials; critical temperature; intrinsic superconductive state; superconductive state theory
