(中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用铵化焙烧及机械力化学法对铝土矿进行尾矿除钛和铁及其表面化学改性。实验时样品中的铁与硫酸铵的摩尔比范围为1׃0.5~1׃4，除杂后样品采用X射线衍射与化学成分分析来表征。阐述了各参数对表面改性的影响，实验得到最佳改性条件为：磨矿浓度为30%，改性剂用量为3%，球料比为5，磨矿时间为8 h，球磨机转速为500 r/min。结果表明：铵化焙烧—酸洗法能有效脱除铝土矿矿中钛和铁杂质，而其它矿物成分的性质不发生改变；机械力化学法能使铵化焙烧除杂后的铝土矿尾矿起到良好的改性效果。
关键字: 铝土矿尾矿；焙烧；(NH4)2SO4；机械化学改性
（School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The removing of titanium and iron from bauxite tails by calcinations with (NH4)2SO4 was studied, and the surface modification of bauxite tails by mechanical force was investigated. The batch method was employed at molar ratio of Fe to (NH4)2SO4 in samples ranging from 1׃0.5 to 1׃4. The treated samples were characterized by XRD and chemical analysis. The effects of the parameters on the surface modification were also given. The optimum conditions are obtained as follows: grinding concentration 30%; dosage of coupling agent 30%; ratio of ball to tails 5; the duration of modification 8 h; rotational velocity of mill 500 r/min. The results show that the calcinations with (NH4)2SO4 is a practical way to remove titanium and iron while keeping the properties of other minerals unchanged. And the mechano-chemical reaction can promote the modifying process of the above treated bauxite railings.
Key words: bauxite tails; calcinations; (NH4)2SO4; mechano-chemical modification
