(1. 兰州交通大学 土木工程学院，兰州 730070；2. 兰州交通大学 机电工程学院，兰州 730070)
摘 要: 以紫铜−低碳钢爆炸焊接复合板材为研究对象，采用等截面均匀梁模型，建立狄拉克δ函数的自由振型数学方程。模拟计算复合材料界面的应力场分布情况，得到了不同爆炸焊接参数下的界面应力场的数值大小及分布形式，发现了碰撞点应力场分布规律。结果表明：爆炸焊接在碰撞点处形成较为强大的冲击压力，相应地在碰撞点两侧出现了负压，为复板材料侵入基板提供了有利条件，该计算模型可以很好地解释波状界面的成形机理。同时实验结果与采用所建立数值模型的计算结果十分吻合，焊接试件界面波纹的质量受碰撞角β和炸药爆速vd的影响较大。通过选择合理的爆炸焊接参数，以适当的数值计算方法作为指导，就可以获得良好的爆炸焊接试件。
关键字: 爆炸焊接；计算模型；实验分析；应力场；数值计算
（1. School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070, China;2. College of Mechanical-Electronics Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070, China）
Abstract:Using the beam of uniform cross section mode, the mathematics function of Dirac δ function natural mode for a red copper and mild steel plate was established to calculate stress distributing field case of multiplicity material interface and stress distributing field. The results show that distributing regular of stress field in impingement point, supper collision force in impingement range, and approaching negative pressure will correspondingly outbreak. The advantage condition can be supplied to the interface mathematics of upset plate invading base plate interface, and this numerical simulation calculation mode can be used to answer undulating invade mechanics of plates interface. It is also uniformly approximated to the test result, and the calculation analysis of different explosive welding parameters used in the calculation model indicates that the impingement angle β and detonation velocity vd have important contribution to the interface corrugation of welding sample. The better explosive welding sample will be obtained on explosive welding parameter of proper access by using the optimum numerical simulation calculation method.
Key words: explosive welding; calculation model; experimental analysis; stress field; numerical calculation
