(北京科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，北京100083)
摘 要: 采用粒度配比和热压固相烧结方法制备高致密W-Cu梯度热沉材料，考察烧结温度、压力和保温时间对梯度材料密度和硬度的影响，并对材料的显微组织进行观察。结果表明：采用热压固相烧结和粒度配比法可以制备近全致密的W-Cu梯度热沉材料，各梯度层分界清晰，各层组织致密，成分保持为最初的梯度设计；在烧结温度1 060 ℃、压力85 MPa、保温时间3 h的工艺条件下，所制备的W-Cu三层梯度热沉材料的封接层、中间层、散热层的相对密度分别达到98.6%、99.1%和99.5%，硬度HRB分别为91.6、95.6和74.4。
关键字: 钨铜合金；梯度功能材料；热压；粒度配比；相对密度
materials with nearly full density by hot press
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing,
Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract: High density W-Cu functionally gradient material was fabricated by particle size distribution method and hot press. The effects of sintering temperature, pressure, holding time on the density, hardness and microstructure of the gradient materials were investigated. The results show that W-Cu functionally gradient materials with full density can be fabricated by this method. The interface between each layer is clear, each layer achieves high density, and the component of initial gradient design can keep stable. Three-layer W-Cu functionally gradient materials with nearly full density are fabricated under the processing conditions of sintering temperature 1 060 ℃, pressure 85 MPa and holding time 3 h. The relative densities of sealing layer, transitional layer and radiating layer are 98.6%, 99.1% and 99.5% respectively, and the hardness are 91.6, 95.6 and 74.4 HRB respectively.
Key words: tungsten/copper alloy; functionally gradient materials; hot press; particle size distribution; relative density
