组织与性能的影响
(1. 哈尔滨工业大学 材料科学与工程学院，哈尔滨 150001；
2. 中国石油独山子石化公司研究院，克拉玛依 833600)
摘 要: 采用挤压铸造法制备了不同体积分数的TiB2P/6061Al复合材料，利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、硬度计、三点弯曲等手段对复合材料的组织与力学性能进行了研究，分析了热处理工艺对其组织性能的影响。结果表明：不同的热处理条件下TiB2P/6061Al复合材料的组织不同：退火态时观察到再结晶晶粒和少量位错；时效态时观察到大量的位错和析出相，界面产物尺寸比退火态时相对大些，且在界面附近的基体中存在明显的无析出区。热处理状态对弹性模量的影响不大，但对材料的硬度和抗弯强度影响较大。45％TiB2P/6061Al复合材料时效处理后硬度和抗弯强度分别比退火态时提高了40%和23%。
关键字: 热处理；挤压铸造；TiB2P/6061Al复合材料；力学性能
properties of TiB2P/6061Al composites
fabricated by squeeze casting
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,
Harbin 150001, China;
2. Research Institute of Dushanzi Petrochemical Company, CNPC,Kelamayi 833600, China）
Abstract: TiB2P/6061Al composites with different volume fractions were fabricated by squeeze casting. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were studied by means of scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, hardness measurement and tensile test, and the effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of the composites was analyzed. The results show that the composites have different microstructure under different conditions of heat treatment. The recrystallized grains and some dislocations are observed in the composites after annealing treatment, while plenty of dislocations and precipitates are observed in the composites after aging treatment and the size of precipitates is bigger than that after annealing treatment. And in the composites after aging treatment, there exists obvious precipitate free zone in the matrix nearby the grain boundaries. The effect of heat treatment on elastic modulus is not evident, but it is much bigger on hardness and bending strength of the composites. After aging treatment, the hardness and bending strength of 45％TiB2P/6061Al composite are respectively 40% and 23% higher than those after annealing treatment.
Key words: heat treatment; squeeze casting; TiB2P/6061Al composites; mechanical properties
