(中南大学 粉末冶金国家重点实验室，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 以炭纤维针刺整体毡为预制体，用化学气相渗透(CVI)、浸渍/炭化(I/C)的方法制备密度和基体炭不同的C/C多孔坯体，采用真空熔渗将熔融Cu渗入到C/C坯体中制备C/C-Cu复合材料，利用X射线衍射、金相显微镜和扫描电镜分析复合材料的组织结构，研究复合材料的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明：Cu成功地渗入C/C坯体中，并填充了坯体的孔洞和炭纤维之间的孔隙，复合材料的主要相为Cu、C及少量的TiC相，当渗剂中Ti的质量分数达到15％时，出现微量的Cu和Ti的金属化合物相；复合材料的摩擦因数随着摩擦时间的增加而逐渐增加并趋于稳定。渗剂相同时，摩擦因数和体积磨损量随着材料密度增加而增加；坯体相同时，随着渗剂中Ti含量增加，摩擦因数增加，体积磨损减小。随着外加载荷的增加，摩擦因数和体积磨损先增后减，80 N载荷时均达到最大值；与J204电刷对比，同样条件下，两者摩擦因数接近，但C/C-Cu复合材料的体积磨损量远远小于J204电刷的。
关键字: C/C-Cu复合材料；C/C坯体；熔渗Cu；显微组织；摩擦磨损性能
C/C-Cu composites fabricated by
infiltrating molten Cu into C/C preforms
（State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University,
Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:C/C-Cu composites were fabricated by infiltrating molten Cu into different C/C preforms that were prepared by chemical vapor infiltration(CVI), resin impregnation and carbonization (I/C). The microstructure and the friction and wear behavior of the composites were studied by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy wear test using 40Cr steel as couple parts respectively. The results show that the main phases in the composites are Cu, C and a little of TiC. When the mass fraction of Ti reaches 15%, there exist a few metal compounds of Cu and Ti in infiltrating agents. With prolonging the wear test time, the friction coefficients of the composites increase and tend to stable eventually; with the increase of the C/C-Cu composites density, the friction coefficients and the bulk wear loss of the composites increase at the same infiltrating agents. With the increase of Ti content in the agents, the friction coefficients increase, while the bulk wear loss decreases. With the increase of test loads, the friction coefficients and the bulk wear loss increase at first and then decrease and get to maximum under 80 N. Compared with electrics brush material J204, the composite has similar friction coefficient but the bulk wear loss of the composite is much lower.
Key words: C/C-Cu composites; C/C performs; molten copper infiltration; microstructure; friction and wear behaviour
