动力学的影响
(1. 北京科技大学 冶金与生态工程学院，
教育部生态与循环冶金重点实验室，北京100083;
2. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 假定生物浸出过程细菌的作用是间接作用，以实验室柱浸模拟次生硫化铜矿生物堆浸，基于细菌生长Monod方程及收缩核模型建立细菌生长动力学因子影响硫化矿浸出速率的动力学模型，研究铜浸出速率、溶液总铁、溶液中细菌浓度与时间的关系、细菌产出率和细菌饱和系数对浸出速率影响的动力学规律。动力学研究表明，在浸出早期，氧化浸出速率、溶液中总铁浓度以及溶液中的细菌数量增长较快，而在浸出后期则增长较慢。计算与实际结果表明，细菌最大生长比速率、细菌产出率、细菌饱和常数及溶液中Fe离子的浓度均对硫化矿的氧化浸出速率有明显影响，尤其在浸出早期影响较大。应用动力学模型仿真结果与实际基本符合，可分析生物因素对浸出的影响趋势。
关键字: 生物冶金；细菌浸出；生物堆浸；次生硫化铜矿；动力学
kinetics of secondary copper sulfide
（1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science
and Technology, The Key Ecology and Recycling Metallurgy Laboratory
of Education Ministry, Beijing 100083, China;2. School of Resource Processing and Biology, Central South University,
Changsha 410083,China）
Abstract:Based on the indirect function of bacteria in the leaching process, Monod equation and Shrink core kinetics equation, the bacteria growth and sulfide bioleaching kinetics model about secondary copper sulfide column bioleaching simulating heap bioleaching were proposed, and the variation rules of copper leaching rate and bacteria and total iron concentration in the solution by the time were determined, and the kinetics of leaching speed affected by bacteria maximal growth specified rates and bacteria yield rate and bacteria saturated coefficient respectively were studied. The results show that in the prophase time of leaching process, the leaching rate, total iron concentration and bacteria cells increase rather quicker than those in the anaphase time of leaching, and the biological factors affect the leaching process when in the prophase time. The results of calculated and experimented of mining heap bioleaching show a good consistence, and it proves that the primary kinetics model can give an availability description about heap bioleaching process.
Key words: biohydrometallurgy; bioleaching; heap leaching; secondary copper sulfide; kinetics model
