(中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙410083)
摘 要: 通过浮选实验、动电位和红外光谱测定，考查了8-羟基喹啉对一水硬铝石和高岭石浮选分离的作用及机理。单矿物浮选结果表明：8-羟基喹啉的捕收能力较弱，选择性差。人工混合矿分离实验结果表明：8-羟基喹啉用量是油酸钠用量的1/10或更小时，可以显著提高Al2O3精矿的回收率；其中油酸钠在较低用量水平时，8-羟基喹啉可基本保持原有的选择性，实现铝硅分离。动电位测试表明：8-羟基喹啉用量在0~5×10−4 mol/L范围内，在两个不同的油酸钠用量下，高岭石的ζ电位均随着8-羟基喹啉用量的增大而负移；而对于一水硬铝石而言，结果却不一样，这说明8-羟基喹啉在铝硅矿物表面吸附的模式可能不同。红外分析结果表明：8-羟基喹啉主要通过氢键作用和络合作用被吸附在矿粒表面，造成矿物表面的初步疏水，促进捕收剂对矿物的捕收。
关键字: 一水硬铝石；高岭石；8-羟基喹啉；油酸钠
（School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: The effect of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) on flotation separation of ultrafine diaspore and kaolinite was investigated through flotation tests, zeta potential measurements and FTIR. Flotation tests for single minerals indicate that both the collection and selectivity of 8HQ to minerals are poor. Flotation tests for artificial mixed minerals show that，the recovery of Al2O3 is improved greatly, while the concentration of 8HQ is or less than 1/10 of that of sodium oleate. Under the low concentration of sodium oleate, the selectivity of 8HQ for minerals is maintained, which reaches the separation of aluminum-silicate minerals. The zeta potential tests show that in two different concentrations of sodium oleate, the zeta potentials of kaolinite decline as 8HQ ranges from 0 to 5×10−4mol/L, which is different from diaspore. This suggests that the adsorption of 8HQ on the surface of minerals may be different. The FTIR shows that the adsorption of 8HQ on the minerals is dominant by hydrogen bonding and complexing action, which makes the surface of mineral lyophobic initially and promotes the collection of minerals.
Key words: diaspore; kaolinie; 8-hydroxyquinoline; sodium oleate
