中国有色金属学报(英文版)
Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China
| Vol. 36 No. 3 March 2026 |
（a College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201900, China;
b State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201900, China;
c Danxia Smelter, Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Co., Ltd., Shaoguan 512000, China）
Abstract:The leaching mechanism of gallium (Ga) and germanium (Ge) from zinc powder replacement residue (ZPRR) was investigated through ultrasonic-assisted sulfuric acid leaching. Characterization via XRD, SEM, XPS, and FT-IR revealed that ultrasonic treatment promotes the dehydration of H4SiO4 colloids, thereby reducing their adsorption capacities for Ga and Ge complexes. Additionally, ultrasound enhances the dissolution of CaS in H2SO4, increasing H2S production, which aids in the reduction of Fe3+ and mitigates iron precipitate formation. Process parameters including ultrasonic power (0-450 W), temperature (100-120 °C), and leaching time (30-120 min) were systematically optimized, achieving optimal leaching efficiencies of Ga and Ge at 95.7% and 94.5%, respectively.
Key words: oxygen pressure acid leaching; ultrasound treatment; zinc powder replacement residue; gallium; germanium; leaching mechanism
