Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

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中国有色金属学报(英文版)

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Vol. 35    No. 9    September 2025

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Kinetics study on separation and recovery of In-Pb solder by vacuum volatilization
Jian PANG1,2,3,4*, Chao-wei DONG4*, Bao-qiang XU1,2,3,4, Ling-xin KONG1,2,3,4, Bin YANG1,2,3,4

1. Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Metal Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
3. National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
4. School of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

Abstract:The vacuum volatilization kinetics of Pb in In-Pb solder was investigated. The results indicate a significant increase in the vacuum volatilization rates of Pb, 25In-75Pb, 40In-60Pb, and In with increasing temperatures from 923 to 1123 K, system pressure of 3 Pa and holding time of 30 min. The mass transfer coefficients and apparent activation energies of Pb and its alloys were determined at various temperatures. Additionally, a kinetics model was developed to describe Pb vacuum volatilization in high-temperature melts. It is obtained that the vapor mass transfer is the factor limiting the vacuum volatilization rates of Pb and In–Pb alloys under the above specified conditions.

 

Key words: vacuum volatilization; In-Pb alloy; solder; rate equation; kinetics model

ISSN 1004-0609
CN 43-1238/TG
CODEN: ZYJXFK

ISSN 1003-6326
CN 43-1239/TG
CODEN: TNMCEW

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