(1. 东北大学材料与冶金学院，沈阳 110819；
2. 上海大学省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室，上海 200072)
摘 要: 通过热分析、X射线衍射分析和红外光谱分析等手段对CuS与NH4Cl或(NH4)2SO4的焙烧过程进行研究，并对焙烧产物中铜元素的水浸出率进行测定。结果表明：CuS与NH4Cl焙烧过程中，在NH4Cl分解之前，CuS会与NH4Cl反应生成铜铵化合物；在空气中焙烧CuS+NH4Cl，CuS会分解成Cu2S；焙烧最终产物为微溶于水的CuCl，使焙烧产物铜水浸率较低。CuS+(NH4)2SO4在空气气氛下焙烧，在焙烧温度不低于300 ℃焙烧1 h以上时，产物主要是铜的硫酸盐，其中铜元素可以完全浸出；空气中的氧参与焙烧反应，促进(NH4)2SO4的分解和CuS的转化；焙烧过程中出现亚硫酸铜铵和硫酸铜铵的中间产物。同时，还对比分别用NH4Cl和(NH4)2SO4焙烧CuS的差异。
关键字: 硫化铜；氯化铵；硫酸铵；反应机理；焙烧反应；水浸出
（1. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China）
Abstract:The reaction mechanism of ammonium chloride or sulfate roasting of CuS was investigated by employing thermogravimetric (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The water-leaching procedure was carried out for the products from the roasting process, and the copper yield in the aqueous solution was determined by the method of iodometric titration. The results show that ammonium chloride can react with CuS before its thermal decomposition, and ammonium tetrachlorocuprate is found as an intermedia product. The final product of CuCl leads to the low leaching yield of copper. The ammonium sulfate roasting of CuS is carried on in the air at the temperature up to 300 ℃, leaves copper sulfate as the final product, and copper ammonium sulfate as the intermediates. All the copper in the roasted products can be dissolved into the aqueous solution in the post water-leaching. The difference of ammonium roasting of CuS was contrasted.
Key words: copper monosulfide; ammonium chloride; ammonium sulfate; reaction mechanism; roasting; water-leaching
