(中南大学 材料科学与工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用液相化学法，以柠檬酸三钠为封端剂、单宁为还原剂和银氨溶液为前驱体制备了矩形银微米线。运用SEM和XRD对银微米线的表面形貌和晶体结构进行了分析。结果表明：制备形貌均一的银微米线的最佳温度为25 ℃，过高和过低的温度均不利于银微米线的制备；较低的反应物浓度有利于银微米线的生长，而且银线的长度随着反应物浓度的降低而增长；封端剂对银微米线的形貌调控起到重要作用，通过调节柠檬酸三钠的浓度，可以使产物从无规则的银颗粒演变成形貌均一的银微米线，再变成球状颗粒；通过优化制备工艺可以制备出形貌均一、直径为0.25~0.6 μm、长度约20 μm、横截面为矩形的银微米线。
关键字: 银微米线；液相化学法；合成
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Silver microwires were synthesized via a solution-phase chemical reduction method with trisodium citrate as the capping agent, tannin as the reductant and Tollen’s reagent as the precursor. The morphology and crystal structure of the products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. It is found that uniform silver microwires can be obtained at optimum temperature of 25 ℃. Too high and low temperatures are not conducive to the formation of silver wires. A low reactant concentration is favorable for the growth of silver microwires. The length of silver wires increases with the decrease of the reactant concentration. The capping agent plays a key role in determining the shape of product. The silver product with irregular, wire or spherical shape can be obtained by adjusting the concentration of trisodium citrate. Uniform rectangular silver microwires with 0.25-0.6 μm in diameter and 20 μm in length can be obtained by the process optimization.
Key words: silver microwire; solution-phase chemical method; synthesis
